{"id":9494,"date":"2022-09-30T18:43:34","date_gmt":"2022-09-30T11:43:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/w2.vacif.com\/?p=768"},"modified":"2024-06-24T03:51:29","modified_gmt":"2024-06-24T03:51:29","slug":"he-dieu-hanh-may-tinh-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/he-dieu-hanh-may-tinh-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1 T\u1ed5ng quan<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Operating System (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: OS), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 CPU, RAM, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng\u2026 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 trung gian trong vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2 Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Theo \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ( qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd CPU, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin..).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f2n gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea1n, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng giao di\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c quan, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng  s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3 C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

3.1 H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft n\u0103m 1985 b\u1edfi Microsoft. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8 v\u00e0 Windows 10. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Windows 10. Giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Windows 10 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c quen v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3.2 H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh macOS<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra m\u1eaft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1984. MacOS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi Apple v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c con v\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd nh\u00e0 m\u00e8o nh\u01b0: Cheetah, Puma, Jaguar, Panther, Tiger, Leopard, Snow Leopard, Lion,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec MacOs h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n Windows v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u00edt gi\u1eadt lag. Tuy nhi\u00ean macOS l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 l\u00e0 k\u00e9n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

3.3 H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Linux ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e1nh con c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0: Ubuntu, Fedora, Linux Mint,… t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f9ng nhau chia s\u1ebb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Ubuntu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh linux mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1 T\u1ed5ng quan H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Operating System (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: OS), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 CPU, RAM, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng\u2026 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 trung gian trong vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9550,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[80,68],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-huong-dan-tai-lieu","category-pc-laptop","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9494","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9494"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9494\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10050,"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9494\/revisions\/10050"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9550"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9494"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}