{"id":7643,"date":"2023-08-19T09:34:49","date_gmt":"2023-08-19T02:34:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/?p=7643"},"modified":"2024-06-24T04:02:14","modified_gmt":"2024-06-24T04:02:14","slug":"lo-hong-zero-day-la-gi-cach-hoat-dong-va-phong-chong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vacif.com\/en\/lo-hong-zero-day-la-gi-cach-hoat-dong-va-phong-chong\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ed6 H\u1ed4NG ZERO-DAY L\u00c0 G\u00cc ? C\u00c1CH HO\u1ea0T \u0110\u1ed8NG V\u00c0 PH\u00d2NG CH\u1ed0NG."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebd h\u1edf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp v\u00e1. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tin t\u1eb7c v\u00e0 k\u1ebb x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “zero-day” xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1edbi trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. “Zero-day” \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb khi l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3. Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 cho nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng an ninh, l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “zero-day” xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb khi l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. Ng\u00e0y “zero” l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfm t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3. Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian “zero-day”, nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 “ng\u00e0y” \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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  • Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/strong> Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khai th\u00e1c:<\/strong> L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi tin t\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Tin t\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Nguy hi\u1ec3m cao: <\/strong>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 khai th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i:<\/strong> C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan r\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    2. T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 tin t\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 “v\u00e1” ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh trong b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n

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    Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f4i khi tin t\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra. Trong khi l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1edf, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00e3 khai th\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    M\u00e3 khai th\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Th\u00f4ng qua h\u00e0nh vi tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp danh t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c. Khi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day, ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t email \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo ki\u1ec3u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t email ho\u1eb7c tin nh\u1eafn kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1edf t\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c truy c\u1eadp trang web \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. L\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00ed m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n

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    Khi m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u00e1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 zero-day \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, tin t\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 nhanh h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ngay sau khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Khai th\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n tr\u00ean dark web v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn. Sau khi khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u00e1, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda zero-day n\u1eefa. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng, b\u1ecdn t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c ng\u1ed3i ch\u1edd th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    • Operation Aurora (2009): <\/strong>Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1edbn, bao g\u1ed3m Google, Adobe v\u00e0 Juniper Networks. Tin t\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day trong tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t Internet Explorer \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Stuxnet (2010):<\/strong> M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 do M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Israel th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Iran th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u SCADA. Stuxnet \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Iran.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • DarkHotel (2014): <\/strong>M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m tin t\u1eb7c chuy\u00ean t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day trong tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Hacking Team (2015): <\/strong>C\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt Hacking Team \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 khai th\u00e1c. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Equation Group (2015): <\/strong>M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m tin t\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn NSA \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Petya\/NotPetya Ransomware (2017): <\/strong>M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ransomware \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m M.E.Doc, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m k\u1ebf to\u00e1n r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Ukraine, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn t\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      3. Zero-day protection ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Zero-day protection (b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 zero-day) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, zero-day protection t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp v\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

      C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 endpoint (Endpoint Protection Software) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 endpoint c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n zero-day:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp (IDS) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 (IPS): <\/strong>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 g\u00f3i tin \u0111ang \u0111i qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c IDS\/IPS c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd v\u00e0 m\u1eabu t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, trong khi c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh: <\/strong>C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 endpoint c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i:<\/strong> C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi th\u1ef1c thi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea1, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 endpoint c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9:<\/strong> C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 endpoint c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ec7p, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 endpoint th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 endpoint c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      4. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Sophos Endpoint.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Sophos Endpoint Security l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i (endpoints) kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch Sophos Endpoint b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day:
      Machine Learning v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n T\u1ea1o (AI):<\/strong> Sophos s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng machine learning v\u00e0 AI \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. H\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1eabu h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, Sophos c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang.
      Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch T\u00edch H\u1ee3p (Integrated Analysis): <\/strong>Sophos Endpoint kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i h\u00e0nh vi, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m sai s\u00f3t.
      C\u1eadp Nh\u1eadt Li\u00ean T\u1ee5c (Continuous Updates): <\/strong>Sophos li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c ch\u1eef k\u00fd v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u00fap Sophos Endpoint duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ng \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.
      Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee8ng T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed9ng (Automated Response):<\/strong> N\u1ebfu Sophos Endpoint ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ly thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eebng m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.
      <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng zero-day, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebd h\u1edf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp v\u00e1. 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